Prostate cancer causes symptoms like difficulty peeing or pelvic pain, but often there are no signs at all in the early stages. The most common medical methods for detecting prostate cancer are:

PSA – a blood test that measures the level of prostate-specific antigens in the blood. Elevated levels can indicate cancer, but also other diseases. Unfortunately, the PSA test is relatively unspecific and oftentimes gives an uncertain result that should be followed up.
Palpation – the doctor feels the prostate with a finger via the rectum and can determine if there have been changes in the prostate
Ultrasound – an instrument that reproduces an image of the prostate.
Biopsy – the doctor takes microscopic samples of the prostate tissue for further analysis, in order to diagnose correctly. The biopsy or tissue sample itself does not provide information about the prostate cancer prognosis, that is, whether it is aggressive or not.